Types of parental involvement in CBT with anxious youth: a preliminary meta-analysis.
R code for meta-analysis according to all of the inferential methods examined in the paper is provided. The overall recommendation is to avoid the DerSimonian and Laird method when the number of meta-analysis studies is modest and prefer a more comprehensive procedure that compares alternative inferential approaches. Simulation studies and applications to real meta-analyses highlight that it is not possible to identify an approach uniformly superior to alternatives. The applicability and the performance of the methods are investigated in terms of Type I error rates and empirical power to detect effects, according to scenarios of practical interest. This paper presents a selection of likelihood and non-likelihood methods for inference in meta-analysis proposed to overcome the limitations of the DerSimonian and Laird procedure, with a focus on the effect of the number of studies. Several authors warn about the risk of inaccurate results of the traditional DerSimonian and Laird approach especially in the common case of meta-analysis involving a limited number of studies. It is frequently neglected that inference in random-effects models requires a substantial number of studies included in meta-analysis to guarantee reliable conclusions. This paper investigates the impact of the number of studies on meta-analysis and meta-regression within the random-effects model framework. Random-effects meta-analysis: the number of studies matters. The possible differing effects of paternal involvement by race were also… Statistical analyses were done to determine the overall impact and specific components of father involvement. Results indicate a significant relationship between…Ī Meta-Analysis: The Relationship between Father Involvement and Student Academic AchievementĪ meta-analysis was undertaken, including 66 studies, to determine the relationship between father involvement and the educational outcomes of urban school children. Analyses determined the effect sizes for parental involvement overall and specific categories of involvement. This meta-analysis of 28 studies examines the relationship between parental involvement and the academic achievement and school behavior of Latino pre-kindergarten-college-age children. PMID:28350400Ī Meta-Analysis: The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Latino Student OutcomesĮRIC Educational Resources Information Center The results of this meta-analysis strengthen the hypothesis that components of the immune system are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. The results of postmortem histology are paralleled on the molecular level, where we observed an overall increase in expression of proinflammatory genes on transcript and protein level (P=0.0052) in patients, while anti-inflammatory gene expression levels were not different between schizophrenia and controls. Densities of macroglia (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) did not differ significantly between schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Meta-regression on brain regions demonstrated this increase was most consistently observed in the temporal cortex. Our pooled estimate on cellular level showed a significant increase in the density of microglia (P=0.0028) in the brains of schizophrenia patients compared with controls, albeit with substantial heterogeneity between studies. We divided these studies into those investigating histological alterations of cellular composition and those assessing molecular parameters meta-analyses were performed on both categories. Forty-one studies were included, reporting on 783 patients and 762 controls. In this study, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies investigating factors related to the immune system in postmortem brains of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls. Van Kesteren, C F M G Gremmels, H de Witte, L D Hol, E M Van Gool, A R Falkai, P G Kahn, R S Sommer, I E CĪlthough the precise pathogenesis of schizophrenia is unknown, genetic, biomarker and imaging studies suggest involvement of the immune system. Immune involvement in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia: a meta-analysis on postmortem brain studies